Genetically Modified Food Should Be Limited Essay

Cigarettes and liquor have a place with the items with unfortunate substances which every year slaughter thousands individuals over the world. Numerous nations attempt to tackle this worldwide issue through the different crusades or disputable ads. Governments endeavor to make individuals aware of all negatives of these items. Be that as it may, this isn't an instance of hereditarily adjusted food. Many individuals are unconscious of the substance of hereditarily adjusted food, which they have been purchasing and eating each day for quite a long while. New sorts of sensitivities or different kinds of sicknesses star spreading in certain nations and many individuals can not discover any explanation behind getting them. Hereditarily altered food ought to belimited in light of contrary impacts on condition, economy, individuals and society. Absence of data about hereditarily changed food causes that individuals don't have any likelihood to settle on the equivalent educated decision; consequently, this nontraditional food ought to have a few cutoff points. There are still many individuals who have no clue about items which they purchase and devour. At the point when individuals go out on the town to shop to general stores, they can discover extraordinary looking organic product, vegetable or meat; be that as it may, they can not see a mark of GMF. For instance, the US is one of the nations which don't require marking. As indicated by Britanny Shoot (2009), â€Å"the administrative and industry restriction to obligatory marking has for quite some time been established in a few arguments:† that creation cost would be quickly raised by naming in view of other observing of offices; â€Å"that GM names will flag security or wholesome issues for purchasers just familiar with seeing healthful data on names and ought to in this way not be included† and that different names â€Å"GM† and â€Å"GM-free† would be required. Hence, creation of hereditarily altered food ought to have some boundars if there are still nations in which individuals are not educated about this hurtful food. Another point is that, hereditarily changed food could trigger a variety of sort of sicknesses. At the point when researchers have found GMF, it was progress in science as well as sociaty. Nonetheless, the main sicknesses have showed up, since selling of hereditarily adjusted food spread over the world. For instance, various types of sensitivities or malignant growths are the most perilous maladies which could be brought about by hereditarily altered food. As indicated by Myron Stagman, PhD (2006), hereditary adjustment dodge Evolution's protect and can prompt development of pathogens which regularly cause recorded, yet unpublicized lethal ailment pestilences. So individuals can experience the ill effects of some sickness without awareness that it could be brought about by GMF. There is an untested infection quality in some GMF that could be poisonous and destructive to individuals as well as creatures. (refered to in Virus in GMF, 2013). Subsequently, individuals couldn't make certain of impacts of hereditarily changed food which they eat. In outline, this nontraditional food ought not be unbounded. It is additionally noteworthy that hereditarily adjusted food could effectsly affect economy. There is a lessening in United State maize fares to the European Union from the earliest starting point of creation of GM crops. â€Å"Experts went a high of 2.8 million tons in 1995-96 to practically nothing during 2000-01. That is an emotional monetary effect on U.S. farmers.† This is data from the source (C. Frompovich 2010). So creation of hereditarily altered food could be slack and inadequate to get yield a few nations. GE crops, which are utilized financially, don't bolster development of the yield capability of an assortment. They may even decay. â€Å"Perhaps the greatest issue raised by these outcomes is the manner by which to clarify the fast reception of GE crops when ranch money related effects seem, by all accounts, to be blended or even negative.† This is data from the source (GMF †recharged, 2008). Hence, hereditarily adjusted food ought to vanish from the market or be restricted. Another case is that hereditarily adjusted food may cause natural risky changes. These movements are identified with individuals as well as different creatures. An expanded degree of estrogen is brought about by glyphosate, which is utilized in crops as protection from weed. It could have hurtful and long haul consequences for all warm blooded creatures, including individuals which are touchy to the raised pace of estrogen. This is data from the source (Top 10 perils of GMF, 2009). Along these lines, this nontraditional food can contain poisonous substances which could cause to certain creatures unsafe impacts or hard of hearing. As indicated by Deborah B. Withman (2002), a great deal of butterfly caterpillars kick the bucket in view of dust from b.t. corn. The issue is that butterfly caterpillars which don't eat corn, however milkweed plants, could kick the bucket on the grounds that â€Å"pollen from b.t. corn is passed up the breeze onto milkweed plants in neighboring fields.† Thus, hereditarily adjusted food and his creation ought to be constrained. Nonetheless, the minimal effort of creation and lower selling costs for more food invigorate many individuals to think about this nontraditional food as the likely answer for the absence of food or even craving. Subsequently, there are still a great deal of examples, who accept that hereditarily adjusted food is extremely helpful for individuals. While they can be right, there are still a great deal of negatives of this dubious food. A few examinations have demonstrated that this nontraditional food can cause issues with human stomach related framework. The joining of certain substances can collaborate severely with each other in food. Moreover, GMF could cause harming, on the grounds that the alteration of specific qualities could create plant substances whichare hard to process by any stretch of the imagination. The facts confirm that hereditarily adjusted food could be an answer of yearning and can help if there should be an occurrence of the absence of food, however this nontraditional food could have a few negative impacts. Subsequently, it ought to be restricted due to negative effects on people, their wellbeing, condition and economy. It is typically acceptable to develop something new however a development for researchers don't need to be a development for all people. Reference Brittany Shoot (2009, November 25). GMO or No: Problematic Intersections of Religion, Biotechnology, and Food. Recovered February 16, 2013, from Religiondispatches: http://www.religiondispatches.org/books/2018/gmo_or_no__problematic_intersections_of_religion__biotechnology__and_food__/ Stagman, M. Phd. (2006). GMO Disease Epidemics: Bt-cotton Fiber Disease. Recovered February 16, 2013, from Portland: http://portland.indymedia.org/en/2006/08/344305.shtml Virus in GM food could be hazardous. (2013, February 8). Recovered February 12, 2013, from Unknowncountry: http://www.unknowncountry.com/news/infection gm-nourishments could-be-perilous Catherine J Frompovich. (2010, June 23). Financial Issues Surrounding Genetically Modified Foods. Recovered February 15, 2013, from Infowars: http://www.infowars.com/financial issues-encompassing hereditarily adjusted nourishments/Genetically altered (GM) nourishments †recharged danger to Europe. (2008, December). Recovered February 16, 2013, from Bangmfood:http://www.bangmfood.org/distributions/4-short-pamphlets/1-10-reasons-why-we-dont-need-gm-nourishments Top 10 risks of hereditarily changed food. (2009, April). Recovered February 15, 2013, from Invigorate306: http://www.invigorate360.com/audits/top-10-threats of-hereditarily adjusted food/Deborah B. Withman. (2000, April). Hereditarily Modified Foods: Harmful or Helpful? Recovered February 15, 2013, from CSA: http://www.csa.com/discoveryguides/gmfood/overview.php.

Annotated Bibliography Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words - 2

Clarified Bibliography Example The writer, Raymond Boudon is a University Professor and he has distributed various books comprehensive of article in scholarly Journals. Mulling over of the distinction that qualities have from culture to culture and century to century, the creator presents an experimental, information based examination of the by and by existing hypotheses about qualities as he discloses why individuals will in general acknowledge or dismissal esteem proclamations. The creator likewise arranges profoundly the principle speculations of significant worth that were firmly founded on a conviction, social, natural factors together those dependent on sane or utilitarian perspectives. His work has the same number of similitudes as there are contrasts in contrast with Li (2013) particularly in regards to his way to deal with esteem articulation, the inception of qualities and his proposed reasons concerning why individuals will in general either acknowledge or dismiss esteem explanation Evaluation: This book by Boudon Raymond is useful in clarifying the source, worth, pertinence and centrality of significant worth to a specific network. This book is instrumental in the utilization of significant worth speculations to policy driven issues and social issues, for example, in cases, for example, communitarianism or capital punishment, and so on. This is a philosophical book by William James DeAngelis, which is at present two years of age since its distribution. The decision of this book is principally founded on its applicable and unequivocal clarification of a social viewpoint from the philosophical perspective of Wittgenstein who is known to have handled the current topic culture and incentive to some length. William James DeAngelis is a partner Professor of Philosophy and has distributed various philosophical talks in different scholarly Journals and Papers. DeAngelis has inquire about enthusiasm for different subjects that incorporate among others Theory of Mind, Self-Deception, Descartes, Wittgenstein particularly Wittgenstein’s

Our First Trade Show as a SaaS Company-The Good, The Bad The ROI

Our First Trade Show as a SaaS Company-The Good, The Bad The ROI Trade shows aren’t usually the place you’ll find SaaS companies like ours. We sell products predominantly marketed at small to medium businesses, particularly other SaaS companies. We make the vast majority of these sales over the internet through our website, which users find organically, or via PPC campaigns, product review sites and other referrals. The price of our tools makes them suitable for companies that don’t necessarily have huge budgets. But this also means that spending a big chunk of our budget on direct, in-person sales, doesnt make a lot of sense. The threat of a low ROI is why we hadn’t chosen to attend a trade show before. However, as our 2017 aim is to focus more on business and enterprise, and we have some exciting developments coming up between MindMeister and Atlassian’s Confluence, we decided to attend Atlassian Summit Barcelona. Here’s how it went I’ll start with the highlights: The Good Collaboration Atlassian Summit provided a bunch of great opportunities to meet with other SaaS companies. We were able to set up new plans for integrations, brainstorm cross-marketing ideas and plan joint webinar opportunities with other creative SaaS companies operating in similar spaces. For example, we picked the brains of Atlassian Marketplace heroes like LucidChart, SmartDraw, and Draw.io. We were also able to move existing plans forward, like an upcoming launch we have planned with Microsoft Teams, and improvements to our MindMeister integration with Confluence. These conversations were made a whole lot quicker by having the person you need directly in front of you. We were able to establish realistic aims and timelines within half the time it can take to get an idea rolling over email. This was a huge advantage of the Summit bringing together a bunch of people we’d love to collaborate with, and without needing that 25th hour in the day to send another ‘apologies for my late reply’ message. Speakers We also had the opportunity to watch the keynote speech of Scott Farquhar, one of Atlassian’s founders and Co-CEO a pretty wealthy guy after last year’s IPO. It was amusing to see how Steve Jobs’ style of keynote addresses has permeated the industry, and interesting to learn about Atlassian’s upcoming news. The long-overdue redesign of its most popular apps, for example, has certainly made JIRA and Confluence a lot easier to look at and presumably to use too. Personally, I found Michael Pryor’s introduction of Trello particularly intriguing, as we operate in a very similar space with our app, MeisterTask. Sales insights Last but not least, we, of course, gathered some important sales insights. We spoke with companies from all over the world who could recognize a real use case for MindMeister and/or MeisterTask in their workplace. In addition to the vanity value, this was great for us as we were able to identify some target verticals we hadn’t yet considered there was a lot of interest from government bodies for example and from industries  that we’re yet to reach out to, such as aviation and media groups, particularly in Europe. Having focused predominantly on the SaaS and start-up market in the U.S., this was eye-opening for us. However, it turned out that some of these new verticals also presented new challenges for us. I’ll come to that now. The Bad Data leaks left a bit of a gray cloud (mind the pun) over the Summit, particularly for those of us offering cloud-based SaaS solutions. HipChat’s leak came up quite a few times, so as soon as we mentioned that both MindMeister and MeisterTask are cloud-based, this seemed to place quite a significant spanner in the works for some of the bigger enterprises. It goes without saying that we think cloud-based solutions are the future of software. When we speak with our current customers, we hear over and over that the main benefit of our tools is bringing teams together, in real-time. Whether they’re located in the same office, collaborating on a shared plan, or working on a project with colleagues on the other side of the world, the fact that our tools are cloud-based is key. For these teams, our product/market fit is the ability to work wherever, whenever and still attain an up-to-date overview of project plans and task progression. Cloud Vs. Server All the benefits of cloud-based software ubiquitous access, simple integration with other tools, the fact that they’re always up-to-date and largely bug-free, and finally the very low price tag are countered by one disadvantage: a slightly higher risk of getting hacked. Mind you, no data store is completely safe these days, not even behind corporate firewalls, but they do of course make it a bit harder for malicious intruders. And according to our conversations, this small extra layer of security is still worth hundreds of thousand of dollars to companies such as Airbus, Volkswagen, or Panasonic. For the people we chatted with at these firms, while they could see huge potential in improving their workflows with our products, using cloud-based tools was simply a no-go policy at their companies. They also expected these policies to not change anytime soon. This posed a new question for us: For clients like these, do we want to adapt our tools to enable MindMeister and MeisterTask to work locally via company servers, too? It would be a lot of work and likely mean the establishment of a whole separate business unit within MeisterLabs, dedicated to running a specialized ‘Enterprise’ track. This is a conversation we’ll need to have within MeisterLabs before making any commitments, but I’ll make sure to write about our decision in an upcoming post. Feel free to share any thoughts you have on the cloud vs. server debate in the comments and in the meantime, I’ll get back to the conference. The ROI As described, trade shows are usually the place you’ll find companies selling to an enterprise market, with a similarly high price tag. Frankly, that’s because they’re expensive. Here’s what Atlassian Summit Barcelona set us back: Booth Costs Bronze booth package + equipment: €10,000 Personnel Expenses Having myself and our Director of Business Development on the stand for 3 days, plus our travel, accommodation and expenses: €3,500 Marketing Materials Designing, printing and shipping marketing materials: €1,000 Admin Time taken by staff at HQ to attend Atlassian Summit’s kick-off calls, organize the booth and prepare marketing materials: €500 Total cost of attending Atlassian Summit Barcelona: €15,000 So the overheads totaled at €15,000. Our MindMeister Business rate, which is the highest-level service we provide, costs €150 per year, per user. In order to achieve a good ROI, we would need to be selling to big teams. To an extent, this seemed possible companies who expressed interest at the trade show had team sizes of 500-10,000 employees. Setting up any one of these enterprises with MindMeister Business would’ve far surpassed our overheads. However, the cloud-based issue prevailed and until we have a clearer idea about whether we can provide a server-based service for these clients, our true ROI from the Summit will be unknown. Was it still worth our while? The answer is maybe.   Even if the sales leads won’t generate enough revenue to outweigh the costs and as mentioned, the particularly profitable ones will require a significant amount of work there is always the element of chance. You can never tell what will come out of any of the serendipitous encounters we had with other companies at the event, or if the idea you had while chatting with a prospect will spark your next great feature. What’s for sure, though, is that you wouldn’t have had any of these encounters  had you stayed back at the office, 15 grand richer but lacking the inspiration and insight we gained. Well, at least that’s what I’m telling myself You might also enjoy reading: Launching in the US: Advice from 7 European Startups How to Implement a Growth Hack The Key to Developing a Meaningful Company Culture Teamwork made simple Discover MeisterTask Discover MeisterTask

I Am An Former Navy Seal Commander With Many Aptitudes And...

Essay #3 First and foremost, Let me introduce myself I m Mr. Survivalist, I am an ex navy seal commander with many aptitudes and survival tactics. One of my aptitudes that I acquired form my services was the operations and complete servicing of modern day internal combustion engines as a Senior Tech Mechanic. As I moved up the ranks, my training started to become educational, after which I was educated in the field of Communications, Networks and Satellite Operations. Like I mentioned earlier I have many aptitudes, but most of which I am in no liberty to discuss. You may however now that I am 52 years of age, furthermore after my navy service, I took an interest and pursued and attained a Masters in Bio Agriculture which later†¦show more content†¦This shelter is composed of many individuals with many traits, skills, and fundamental qualities that will aid in the survival and development of our society in the coming years after the Nuclear war. For the moment, our I cannot g ive too many details of my plan for our shelter as it may be hindered by unknown enemies, but I can share with you my philosophies. I believe that a society needs order, it needs discipline, commitment and most importantly good people with a good heart. I believe every resident of this shelter has those qualities within them. I have six main goals for us: survive, educate, clean-up, rebuild/restructure, repopulate and re-unite. Our shelter has all the proper defenses and shields to prevent any harm to us from the chaos and radiation that will transpiring outside of these walls. Our walls are 15 ft. thick of many layers of protection. We have our very own water supply, food supply both grown here and preserved. We generate our own electricity and have many energy efficient appliances. I have put into place many emergency plants of surviving incase for some reason our shelter becomes compromised. The next goal is educating our young ones. While we wait for the radiation levels to mi nimize, everyone will be educated for specific roles to better prepare our survival after leaving the shelter. Children however, will receive proper basic education. Those that wish to continue in education will have that option or they may

Computer Science And Its Impact On The World - 1200 Words

Contrary to popular belief, computing has been in existence for ages. â€Å"Man started off by counting on his digits, he needed ways to measure the months and seasons in order to perform religious festivals and ceremonies at the correct time, which resulted in counting notches on sticks or marks on the wall† (Hoyle).These were some of the struggles that catapulted efforts towards computing. However the first computing device to be made â€Å"was the abacus, helping the ancient Technorati gain an edge over trading partners still counting cows and amphorae by hand†(science festival).Since then computing has taken great strides and became a fundamental part of our lives. Today, we use computer science products in everything we do from just turning†¦show more content†¦However, the importance of computer scientist today is undeniable, whether it is in animation, industries, advertising of predicting the weather; they have made their mark in the society. To illus trate the rate computer science is improving by, in less than 10 years neither Facebook, twitter nor iPhones inventions that most of us today can’t imagine living without today were invented. This is the result of the efforts computer scientists put day and night in innovation to keep on improving technologies and therefore making our lives easier and improving the quality of our lives. As an from a family in Africa their lives were changed with something as little as a solar panel installment. For years this family had never had light at night in their house and electricity didn’t get to their isolated homes, but with this installment they could stay up late and night and their children will have light to do their home work. This goes in in the united states too â€Å"I was so amazed to see this children who can’t even write their own software interact with this computers in a way we never had a chance in our day†(Jobs).This is what Steve jobs one of the biggest inventors off all time stated as he was talking about the how he saw kids and people of all walks of life from the trash man to teachers using his inventions without any knowledge of computer science to show how much we have come. Computer scientists have

The Great Controversy of Newton and Leibniz Free Essays

The great controversy as to who discovered the Calculus first, either Isaac Newton or Gottfried Leibniz, is indeed a sordid affair, which has sullied the arena of science. Boyer speaks the truth when he says that no invention in science or mathematics can be said to be the accomplishment of one or two persons (1959, p. 187). We will write a custom essay sample on The Great Controversy of Newton and Leibniz or any similar topic only for you Order Now Newton himself admitted â€Å"If I have seen further it is by standing on the shoulders of giants† (qtd. in Rees 2006, p. 340). Such self-effacement is part of the magnanimity that we expect from a true genius. But did Leibniz conduct himself similarly? This, I believe, is the crux of the debate. Scientists not only stand on the shoulders of the giants of the past, but they also collaborate with each other. The very greatness of science stems from the fact that it is practiced in broad daylight. There should be no place for pride and vanity here. And yet the great controversy involves nothing but vanity. In the first instant it involved the vanities of two personalities, and then embroiled the vanities of two nations. If the accolade of the â€Å"inventor of the Calculus† must go to one among the two, I believe it must go to him who has conducted himself with most honor. And in this duel Newton emerges the winner. I first catalogue all that can be said in favor of Leibniz. He was truly a philosopher, in contrast to the scientific genius that Newton was. If we examine his philosophy we will find that it is in complete harmony with what the science of the calculus describes. He postulated a theory of â€Å"monads†, which are infinitesimal units of reality in which the microcosm contains the macrocosm. Calculus is the analysis of infinitesimals, and we are able to see in it a reflection of the Monadology. Therefore it is very likely that he came to an independent discovery. Calculus was on the verge of being discovered in any case, which the works of Huygens, Barrow and Fermat attest to. It is recorded that Leibniz began work on the Calculus in 1674, independently of Newton (?), and was the first to publish in 1684 (Stillwell 2002, p. 159). His unique approach (the dy/dx notation) demonstrates clearly his originality. And because he starts from a philosophical point of view, his analysis is more intuitive and suitable to demonstration. This is why the Leibnizean notation and approach that has become the norm. But the fact remains that Newton was the first to come a thorough formulation of the Calculus. In a note to a paper written in 1666 we find him deriving a tangent to a curve using his â€Å"method of fluxions†. In this note there is as aside that reads â€Å"This is only a special case of a general method whereby I can calculate curves and determine maxima, minima, and centers of gravity† (Boyer 1959, p. 207). This clearly indicates that Newton had come to a complete formulation. But he has no regard for the vanity of publication, being the consummate scientist that he was. In the height of the controversy Newton is reported to have said, â€Å"I have never grasped at fame among foreign nations, but I am very desirous to preserve my character for honesty† (Brewster 2004, p. 72). Calculus to Newton was merely a tool that he required to come to his universal theory of gravitation and motion, and not something that should be flouted separately. He was even reluctant to publish the revolutionary Principia, and did so only after the prodding of Edmund Halley. Leibniz, on the other hand, was eager to publish and propagate his findings. While we admit to his originality to a large extent, the conduct of Leibniz is highly suspicious in the proceedings. He makes no defense of his integrity, as Newton does, but instead seem entirely intent on pushing the evidence alone, as if defending himself in a court of law, and this makes us feel that he is hiding something. Subsequent scholarship does indeed reveal that he manipulated documents before being released. He is also found to have possessed crucial papers of Newton which he fails to admit of, which C J Gerhardt unearthed in 1849, even though he did make such an admission shortly before his death (Cajori 1898, p. 240). We must judge by circumstantial evidence, because it is all that we have at this distance. When we focus on the conduct of the two disputants, Leibniz is certainly the suspect one. There is no doubt that they both collaborated with each other. But plagiarism must be construed when any one among them fails to be completely honest and forthcoming. From this point of view the accusation falls on Leibniz, who has surely acted suspiciously. Even by his own admission he was aided by Newton’s papers, yet he failed to acknowledge his debt in time. This amounts to plagiarism. And since it is Newton that he plagiarized from, it is fair to name Newton as the inventor of the Calculus. Reference List Boyer C B. (1959). The History of the Calculus and Its Conceptual Development. Chelmsford, MA: Courier Dover Publications. Brewster D. (2004). Memoirs of the Life, Writings and Discoveries of Sir Isaac Newton Part 2. Whitefish MT: Kessinger Publishing. Cajori F. (1898). A History of Elementary Mathematics. London: Macmillan. Rees N. (2006). Brewer’s Famous Quotations: 5000 Quotations and the Stories. New York: Sterling Publishing Company. Stillwell J. (2002). Mathematics and Its History. New York: Springer Publishing Company.    How to cite The Great Controversy of Newton and Leibniz, Essay examples

Symbolism in the Lion, the Witch, and the Wardrob and Where the Wild Things Are free essay sample

By definition, food is any material that an organism eats or drinks that allows it to preserve life and grow; culturally, it also serves as a classical conditioning positive and negative supporter. Discipline is something that can occur in various different forms. It may be most commonly gained through rewards, punishments, currency, positive negative reinforcements, and manipulation. The primary purpose of food in The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe and Where the Wild Things Are is to discipline the characters in the stories. In the short story, Where the Wild Things Are, food is used to discipline Max directly for a constructive purpose; he is not being persuaded to listen to or fulfill anyone’s wishes in particular. Max’s discipline is more freedom based as he changes throughout the story not for anyone else but rather for himself. In this story, food is used as both a reward and punishment. In the beginning of the story, food is used as a punishment as his mother sends him to bed without food when he misbehaves. Food situates itself as positive support for guiding good behavior and as a negative re-enforcer when he misbehaves to decrease the likelihood of his undesirable behavior of being wild. This is shown in the story when the author writes, â€Å"The night Max wore his wolf suit and made mischief of one kind and another, his mother called him â€Å"WILD THING! † and Max said, â€Å"I’LL EAT YOU UP! † so he was sent to bed without eating anything. † (CITATION). As Max was misbehaving, his mother punished him by not giving him food. As food is something that is a craving and a necessary tool to maintain life, not getting food effects and punishes Max. Food is used to be a punishment through the mother’s action of sending Max to his room without supper as a result to acting wild. On the other hand, food also serves as a reward at the end of the book when Max decides to let go of his bad behavior and returns home; he finds a hot supper awaiting his return. Max makes the decision to leave and go back home despite the attempts of the â€Å"Wild Things† trying to convince him to stay; he does not listen and instead â€Å"waved good-bye and sailed back over a year and in and out of weeks and through a day and into the night of his very own room where he found his supper waiting for him and it was still hot. † (CITATION). This rewarding use of food disciplines Max into learning that if he does the right thing such as letting go of his bad behavior, he will be rewarded. This would teach any child that doing the right thing is always good and somehow rewarding at the end. Food can be used as a reward or punishment for any individual but in the end, both ways discipline the person to act a specific way. Furthermore, in The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe, the food is used to form discipline by the Queen to get the subject to adhere to her wishes. The discipline the food serves is through the use of â€Å"currency†. As we all know, money can have both a negative and positive effect on people. It can lead to gaining objects that makes an individual happy but at the same time can lead to greed for more of it which creates suffering as that burning greed is often gone unfulfilled. The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe portrays this well because the witch uses her power to grant the boy, Edmund, she meets with his favourite food, Turkish Delight. This is clearly stated in the book when the Queen says, ‘What would you like best to eat? ’ ‘Turkish Delight, please, your Majesty,’ said Edmund. The Queen let another drop fall from her bottle on to the snow, and instantly there appeared a round box, tied with green silk ribbon, which, when opened, turned out to contain several pounds of the best Turkish Delight. (CITATION). The Queen in this case uses food as the currency to satisfy the temporary desire the boy has for Turkish Delight. Soon after he is given the food, the author has clearly illustrated how it also led to greed and desire for more of it as Edmund wanted more and more of it. On page (page number), as we look into the thoughts of Edmund it says, â€Å"At last the Turkish Delight was all finished and Edmund was looking very hard at the empty box and wishing that she would ask him whether he would like some more. † (CITATION). This shows how the currency of food has now disciplined Edmund to have more of a desire and greed for the food which later on is also what causes Edmund to listen to everything the Queen says that he is able to complete the desire he has inside of himself. Moreover, food also showed discipline in the story through the use of manipulation. The Queen manipulated Edmund so that he trusts her and answers all the questions she asks him truthfully. The author conveys this message when he writes, While he was eating the Queen kept asking him questions She got him to tell her that he had one brother and two sisters, and that one of his sisters had already been in Narnia and had met a Faun there, and that no one except himself and his brother and his sisters knew anything about Narnia. (CITATION). Clearly, the Queen successfully manipulates him into telling her all the knowledge that she requires to know. She used the food to materialistically gain Edmund as she caught his immediate attention and time. The manipulation relates to discipline as the Queen persuaded Edmund to behave a certain way which was truthfully answering all the questions she needed to know. In conclusion, discipline is conveyed in The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe through the use of two main materials; currency and manipulation. Lastly, in both, The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe and Where the Wild Things Are, a common symbolism of food and also a way of discipline that is used is positive and negative reinforcements. When Edmund first saw the Queen in The Lion, the Witch, and the Wardrobe, he was frightened and scared by her due to her being a complete stranger to him; this acted as a negative re-enforcer for Edmund as it caused him to decrease the behavior of associating with the queen. But later on in the story, the Queen manipulates Edmund by treating him to a food he loves, Turkish Delight and using the food she is giving him as a positive reinforcement in order to get him to become more comfortable with him and answer all the questions she needs to ask him truthfully. After the Queen gives Edmund something to drink and to eat, it says in the book about how he had become comfortable with the Queen. Edmund states in his mind, â€Å"Each piece was sweet and light to the very centre and Edmund had never tasted anything more delicious. He was quite warm now, and very comfortable. † (CITATION). This shows how the food the Queen gave Edmund acted as a clear positive reinforcement as it allowed him to become more comfortable with her. Also, not only did the food given to Edmund let him be comfortable with the Queen, but it also caused the fright he first had of her to come off. This is clearly shown in the story when the author writes, â€Å"‘Why can’t we go to your house now? ’ said Edmund. When he had first got on to the sledge he had been afraid that she might drive away with him to some unknown place from which he would not be able to get back; but he had forgotten about that fear now. † (CITATION). Clearly, Edmund’s behavior and feelings towards the Queen has dramatically changed as he now sees her as a completely different person who is very nice with just the reinforcement shown through the food in the story. Although he reinforcement just described is positive and beneficial to the Queen, it is actually not beneficial to Edmund himself as the Queen is an evil individual which is why the food is not only a positive reinforcement but a negative one as well since it leads to Edmund â€Å"supporting† evil indirectly since he follows and listens to the Queen. The positive and negative reinforcement of food here has disciplined Edmund to both be more comfortable and not be afraid of the queen, plus indirection support evil. Moving on, in Where the Wild Things Are, positive reinforcement is also shown by the food because it teaches Max to let go of his bad behavior and go onto a better and more beneficial pathway. This was mainly proved in the story at the end when he smelled the food which caused him to stop being the king of â€Å"Where the Wild Things Are† and instead, be more of a good behaving child by listening to his mom as well as staying in reality more which led him to come back into his room where he found his reward of food, as discussed earlier. This is proved in the story when it says, â€Å"Then all around from far away across the world he smelled good things to eat so he gave up king of where the wild things are and sailed back over a year into the night of his very own room where he found his supper waiting for him and it was still hot† (CITATION). Clearly, the positive reinforcement of the food disciplined Max to come back home and not misbehave as he did come back after smelling the food. It is clear that both stories have used positive and negative reinforcements that allowed the discipline to take place in both stories. The discipline that took place in both stories, was through the use of symbolism of the food which had many phases to it. Each culture has a somewhat different way of disciplining a child and some use food. Throughout this essay, it is clearly evident that in both stories, the symbolism of the food significantly contributed to the discipline and change that occurred throughout the story in the characters. Food and discipline obviously cannot only be described by the basic definition they are given, they must be looked into with further detail and with an open mind so that an individual is able to see the various phases both can take on.